Customer profitability calculator
Work out which customers really make you money using your own figures. Check the assumptions before you act on the result.
Your figures
Result
- Customer profit
- ₹10,94,989.04
How it is worked out
profit = sales - cost of goods - freight - discounts - credit cost (sales x interest rate x credit days ÷ 365) - rejection and return cost
customer_profit = sales-cost_of_goods-freight-discounts-sales*yearly_interest_percent/100*credit_days/365-rejection_returns_cost
What it works out
The customer profitability calculator turns records from the business into a figure for this decision: which customers really make you money. Use it when the responsible owner and sales coordinator needs a consistent answer for this specific task. The answer uses only the values entered. Record the measurement period beside it.
What you need
| Input | Unit | Where to find it |
|---|---|---|
| Sales (example: ₹54,00,000) | ₹ | Read sales from the invoice-wise Tally ledger, bank statement or cash report. |
| Cost of goods (example: ₹38,60,000) | ₹ | Take cost of goods from the latest cost sheet, supplier quote, agreement or invoice. |
| Freight (example: ₹1,85,000) | ₹ | Take freight from the latest cost sheet, supplier quote, agreement or invoice. |
| Discounts (example: ₹95,000) | ₹ | Take discounts from the latest cost sheet, supplier quote, agreement or invoice. |
| Yearly interest percent (example: 13 %) | % | Use the applicable agreement, portal, bank statement or current verified rule for yearly interest percent. |
| Credit days (example: 52 days) | days | Read credit days from the invoice-wise Tally ledger, bank statement or cash report. |
| Rejection returns cost (example: ₹65,000) | ₹ | Take rejection returns cost from the latest cost sheet, supplier quote, agreement or invoice. |
Use the same item, period and measurement unit for related inputs. If a figure comes from an estimate rather than an actual record, mark it as estimated. Keep your original figures beside the result.
The formula
In plain words, calculate customer profit using the measured inputs below. The expressions are shown without hidden rounding so they can be checked by hand.
- customer profit:
customer_profit = sales-cost_of_goods-freight-discounts-sales*yearly_interest_percent/100*credit_days/365-rejection_returns_cost.
Formula basis from the supplied taxonomy: profit = sales - cost of goods - freight - discounts - credit cost (sales x interest rate x credit days ÷ 365) - rejection and return cost. The calculation assumes the named inputs describe the same job and accounting period. Keep quantities, rates and measured units consistent.
A worked example
Illustrative example: a retail wholesaler uses the figures in the table above. These are example inputs, not industry averages. For this example, the main figures are sales: ₹54,00,000, cost of goods: ₹38,60,000, freight: ₹1,85,000, discounts: ₹95,000.
- Customer profit:
sales-cost_of_goods-freight-discounts-sales*yearly_interest_percent/100*credit_days/365-rejection_returns_cost. With the example figures,5400000.0 - 3860000.0 - 185000.0 - 95000.0 - 5400000.0 * 13.0 / 100 * 52.0 / 365 - 65000.0gives ₹10,94,989.04.
How to act: Use the result to check whether the quote still covers costs. Write down the input date and the assumption that could move most.
How to read the result
Example bands, change them for your business:
- Comfortable: Your result meets the target for this item or reporting period. Keep the calculation with its source records and check whether the quote still covers costs.
- Watch: The result is close to your action limit, or it changed since the previous calculation. Recheck sales and cost of goods using the original records.
- Act: The result breaks a limit already agreed by the manager or owner. Record the difference, name a responsible person, and agree a correction date. For an operational starting point, read [Customer profitability unknown](/problems/customer-profitability-unknown) and [Costing a new enquiry](/processes/costing-a-new-enquiry). Do not use these example bands as published industry benchmarks.
Copy it into a spreadsheet
Create a sheet with column A for the label and column B for the number or formula. The expressions work in Excel or Google Sheets. Keep input cells editable and result cells protected from typing.
| Cell | Label | Value or formula |
|---|---|---|
| B2 | sales | 5400000.000000 |
| B3 | cost of goods | 3860000.000000 |
| B4 | freight | 185000.000000 |
| B5 | discounts | 95000.000000 |
| B6 | yearly interest percent | 13.000000 |
| B7 | credit days | 52.000000 |
| B8 | rejection returns cost | 65000.000000 |
| B10 | customer profit | =(((((B2-B3)-B4)-B5)-((((B2*B6)/100)*B7)/365))-B8) |
For any formula containing a divisor, enter a value above zero. For any monetary output, format the cell in Indian rupees. Do not replace the cells with rounded figures until the final display.
What this calculator leaves out
- Cash discounts, returns, wastage and overhead allocation can move the final margin.
- A single average can hide unusual lots, customers or weeks. Review the underlying entries before making a large decision.
- The formula does not check whether the records are complete. Use the latest cost sheet and the actual freight or credit terms for the enquiry being priced.
Common mistakes
- Mixing periods. Using sales from one month with cost of goods from another produces a number that looks precise but is hard to act on.
- Trusting old figures. Recheck the relevant source record before reusing last month's saved inputs. Compare the result with the agreed customer price before sending any revised quote.
- Treating an estimate as approval. Record which assumptions were entered by hand. Get the relevant owner, accountant or technician to check unusual values.
A number like this helps only if someone works it out again when things change.
Questions people ask
Where do I find the numbers for customer profitability calculator?
Read sales from the invoice-wise Tally ledger, bank statement or cash report. Take cost of goods from the latest cost sheet, supplier quote, agreement or invoice. Keep all inputs from the same period.
Can I use this number to approve a purchase or payment?
Use it as a first check. Use the result to check whether the quote still covers costs. Write down the input date and the assumption that could move most. If the result affects tax, legal duties, workplace safety or a major investment, obtain the appropriate review.
When should I calculate it again?
Recalculate when a meaningful input changes, and at the next regular review of the relevant register. Save the date and the input values so changes can be explained.